Cholesterol and Triglycerides: A Key Factor in Cardiovascular Health

Cholesterol and triglycerides are lipids naturally present in the blood and essential for certain functions of the body. However, when their levels are too high, they can significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease and stroke.

Blood cholesterol is mainly divided into two types. LDL cholesterol, often referred to as “bad cholesterol,” can build up on the walls of the arteries and form plaques, which may reduce blood flow to the heart and brain. In contrast, HDL cholesterol, or “good cholesterol,” helps remove excess cholesterol from the arteries and plays a protective role. Triglycerides represent another type of lipid circulating in the blood. Like LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglyceride levels are influenced by lifestyle factors, including diet, alcohol consumption, body weight, and physical activity. Elevated triglyceride levels are associated with an increased risk of heart disease.

The Central Role of Nutrition

Nutrition may be one of the most effective tools for improving cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Evidence-based approaches such as the Mediterranean diet and the DASH diet emphasize plant-based foods, soluble fiber, whole grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, and omega-3–rich fish. These dietary patterns can help lower LDL cholesterol and triglycerides while supporting overall heart health.

At the same time, it is important to limit saturated fats, added sugars, alcohol, and ultra-processed foods, as these can negatively affect lipid levels.

Personalized and Sustainable Support

As a registered dietitian, I support adults with elevated cholesterol or triglycerides in making realistic, personalized, and sustainable changes that fit their lifestyle. The goal is not to follow a restrictive diet, but to build long-term eating habits that improve blood markers while preserving the enjoyment of food.

👉 Personalized nutrition support can play a key role in the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease.

Karine Drouin, RD, Registered Dietitian & Nutritionist